The European garden spider (Araneus diadematus), also known as the cross orb-weaver or diadem spider, is one of the most common garden spiders found throughout Europe and North America. Its main distinguishing feature is a white cross-shaped marking on its rounded abdomen, formed by a series of pale spots, which gives rise to its English name "cross spider". Females are larger, reaching 10-18 mm, while the more slender males usually do not exceed 10 mm in body length. The coloration ranges from yellowish to brown or even grey tones, making this spider well camouflaged in vegetation. Typically, the species is observed waiting motionless in the middle of its beautifully constructed orb web, patiently waiting for prey.
Beyond its striking appearance, the European garden spider plays an important role in natural pest control by feeding on various garden insects. It prefers partially shaded, open habitats such as woodland edges, wastelands, and gardens. The webs are notable for their regular spiral construction, often visible shimmering with dew at dawn. Although it might look intimidating, the species is harmless to humans, and its bite causes at most mild discomfort. Observing its web-building skills and hunting behaviors provides fascinating insight into the daily lives of garden ecosystems.
Source: https://jessica-joachim.com/arachnides-2/arachnides/araneidae/epeire-diademe/
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